Apparatus for making illuminating-gas from hydrocarbon liquid and water



(No Model.)

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Gas from Hydro- E. B. HOLMES. Apparatus for Mak' lng Illuminating carbonLiquid and Wat Patente c l Aug;24,1880.

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ydro- LP?- luwiu E. B. HOLMES. Apparatus for Making Illhminating Gasfrom H- carbon Liquidand Water.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EZEKIEL B. HOLMES, OF OANANDAIGUA, NEW' YORK.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING lLLlJMlNATlNG-GAS FROM HYDROCARBON LIQUID ANDWATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 231,423, dated August24, 1880.

' Application filed June 1, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EZEKIEL B. HOLMES, of thevillage of (lanandaigua, in the. county of Ontario and State of NewYork, have invented a new and useful. I mprovement in Apparatus forMaking Illuminating-Gas from Hydrocarbon Liquids and Water; and I dohereby declare that the following is a full and exact descriptionthereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a partof this specification.

The liquid used may be petroleum or any other hydrocarbon liquid; but Iprefer naphtha of a specific gravity of from 68 to 7 The nature of myinvention consists in a pcculiar form of apparatus, and particularly inthe novel construct-ion of the steam-jet nozzle in connection with theoil-vapor pipe, for the purpose of introducing into the heatedhydrocarbon-oil vapor a jet of superheated steam in such a manner as tocause an agitation and thorough mingling of the oil-vapor with thesteam, and thereby better effect chemical decomposition andrecomposition of the fluids pipe.

removed so as to show one set of coils.

for the production of a fixed pure illuminating-gas.

For a further description I refer to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 represents the perspective of the apparatus with front workremoved, so as to expose to view a portion of the coil hereinafterdescribed. Fig. 2 represents the plan, showing the bottom coil, the pipein which the steam is superheated,- and the point at which superheatedsteam enters the hydrocarbon- Fig. 3 is a transverse section on line AB. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section on line 0 D. These four figuresrepresent an apparatus suitable for a building using from one to twohundred ordinary burners.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the front of the apparatus as applied toordinary gas- Works, enough of the bricks in the arch being Fig. 6 is atransverse section on line G H. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section on lineE F. Fig. 8 is perspective of the invention as applied in an ordinarycooking-stove. Fig. 9 is a detail view, in longitudinal section, showingthe steam-jet nozzle applied to the vapor-pipe.

For a more particular and minute description I give the followingdetails:

The letter 75 represents the pipe conveying the naphtha from a suitabletank or reservoir to the apparatus; the letter I a delicate valvecompletely controlling the flow of naphtha into the coil. The letter inrepresents a section of the pipe nine inches in length, reduced to acaliber of one-fourth inch, and this section is filled with ironwire-cloth, for the purpose of more completely regulating the flow ofthe hydrocarbon. The letter a is the pipe into which the naphtha isreceived and in which it is converted into vapor. This pipe has adescent of about one-half inch to the foot, and passes on through thebrick-work and is capped at n. This is for the purpose of affording anopportunity to clean the pipe in case of any residuum. At 12 this pipeis united with the coil by a T-coupling.

The letters 0 o 0 o o 0 0 represent the coil of iron pipe in whichthe'destructive distillation of the hydrocarbon and the decomposition ofthe water is effected.

The letter 19 represents the pipe through which the gas is conveyed fromthe coil to the receiver, except that in Figs. 5, 6, and 7 this pipeterminates in the' hydraulic main from which the gas is forced, eitherby steam-exhaust or dry gas-pump, into the gasometer.

Letter 3 is a steam-pipe. Drip-cock q is used for the purpose ofpermitting the escape of condensed steam. Valve a is for the purpose ofadmitting steam through the branch pipe 1' into the naphtha-pipe n, andthence through the coil, for cleansing purposes only, and is notintended to be used except when accumulation is suspected.

The valve t is used for admitting steam through the pipe 8 into the pipe8, where the steam becomes superheated, and from which it escapes intothe naphtha-pipe through an orifice about one thirty-second of an, inchin diameter, drilled through an iron plug, in such direction as to causea rotary motion in the contents of the pipe 0, thus effecting an intenseagitation of the gas and steam and facilitating their perfect union. Inworks ha"- ing large pipes the number of such inlets is to be increased,but not their size.

The nozzle 8 of the steam'supcrheatin g pipe s enters the curved end ofthe Vapor-pipe O at an inclination, as shown in Fig. 9, so that its endis directed to the inner wall of the vapor-pipe, whereby the escapingjet of steam is caused to impinge obliquely upon the surface of the pipeand be deflected, causing an agitation of the oil-vapors and a thoroughcommingling thereof with the steam, and carrying the mixture through thedecomposing-coil for the better decomposition and recomposition thereof,for the production of a fixed gas.

The letter 1* represents the smoke-stack, and w the grate, upon whichthe fire from which the heat is obtained rests.

The same letter is used to represent the same part on all the drawings.

Having thusdescribed my invention, I would state that I do not claim themaking of illuminating-gas by the combination of superheated hydrocarbonvapor with superheated steam, nor do I claim the use of iron pipes forthat purpose; but

What I claim as my inventiomand desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of the obliquely-fitted jet-nozzle s" with theoil-vapor pipe 0 within the furnace, whereby the oil-vaporis agitated,intimately mixed with the superheated steam, and carried through thedecomposing-coil.

2. In the gas apparatus described, the hydrocarbon-vaporizn g pipe n,coiled in the furnace, and the coiled steam-superheating pipe 8, havinga minutejet-nozzle, s, entering the vapor-pipe obliquely, as described,in combination with the decomposing-coil O, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

3. Theinclined hydrocarbon-vaporizingpipe n, extending through the rearwall of the furnace and provided with a cap, a, in combination with theoil and steam induction pipes m 1', connected with its front end, andthe decomposing-coil connected with its rear end and extending upward inthe furnace to the gas-eduction pipe, substantially as and for thepurpose described.

EZEKIEL B. HOLMES.

Witnesses:

M. D. MUNGER, ALFRED DENBOW.

